Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland.It may be infectious or non-infectious in nature.Regardless of the form of the disease, complex treatment of prostatitis is necessary, including pharmacological and non-drug therapy.
Types of prostatitis and treatment
Due to the development, infectious and non-infectious prostatitis are distinguished.
The infectious disease is caused by the activity of pathogens that cause inflammation of the prostate.Depending on the type of pathogen, bacterial or fungal inflammation is distinguished.The disease can be triggered both by the activity of opportunistic microorganisms, always present in the human body, and by sexually transmitted infections, for example chlamydia or trichomonas.
The disease develops against the background of decreased immunity.In most cases, this type of prostatitis is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, for example Pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus.A healthy body is able to suppress the infection, but inflammation develops against the background of decreased immunity.
Non-infectious prostatitis is a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle.Its development is caused by congestion of the pelvic organs: reduced blood circulation, lymphatic flow or stagnation of prostatic secretions.Factors that provoke the development of this form of inflammation:
- hypothermia;
- decreased immunity;
- physical inactivity;
- obesity;
- irregular sexual life.
Congestive prostatitis is believed to be a disease of office workers.The disease develops against a background of physical inactivity, as a result of which the metabolism decreases and the trophism of the prostate is disrupted.
A man's sexual life plays an important role in the development of congestive prostatitis.Lack of sexual activity leads to a decrease in the tone of the prostate gland and stagnation of secretions.This causes swelling of the organ and the development of inflammation.At the same time, excessive sexual activity (more than 2-3 sexual acts per day) leads to depletion of the organ and can even cause the development of the disease.
According to the nature of the course, prostatitis is divided into acute and chronic.The acute form is characterized by an exacerbation of specific symptoms, including:
- frequent need to urinate;
- pain and burning in the urethra;
- bladder spasms;
- pain in the perineum;
- erectile dysfunction.
The urination process is accompanied by severe pain in the urethra, caused by compression of the urethra by the enlarged prostate.
Acute prostatitis can be successfully treated with the timely administration of adequate drug therapy.In the absence of adequate treatment, it becomes chronic.This disease is accompanied by a weakening of the sexual function of men and various disorders of the urinary system.
Chronic prostatitis can be infectious or non-infectious.In both cases, it is characterized by periodic flare-ups, during which the symptoms become acute.Exacerbations of the disease are associated mainly with decreased immunity.
An integrated approach to treatment
Before starting treatment, the patient must undergo all tests aimed at identifying the type of inflammatory process and the type of pathogen.To do this, an analysis of the secretion of the prostate is performed, an ultrasound and an MRI of the organ are performed.
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes:
- drug therapy;
- increase immunity;
- physiotherapeutic methods;
- diet therapy;
- lifestyle change.
Drug therapy depends on the form of the disease.For infectious inflammation, the main line of treatment is antibacterial drugs.Their selection is carried out based on the results of the prostate analysis.
For non-infectious prostatitis in the acute phase, anti-inflammatory drugs are used for symptomatic treatment.The main part of the therapy is carried out with drugs that normalize the functionality of the organ.
Complex treatment of prostatitis necessarily includes taking drugs to improve immunity.These can be local agents (rectal suppositories) or immunomodulators in tablets.The choice of drugs is made only by a doctor.
For bacterial prostatitis, the basis of treatment is to fight infections;for stagnant prostatitis, it is to improve the functionality of the gland.
Antibacterial therapy
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis begins with drugs that relieve symptoms, which normalize the function of the prostate and improve well-being.For infectious prostatitis, the basis of therapy is antibiotics.
The following groups of drugs are used for treatment:
- penicillins;
- tetracyclines;
- macrolides;
- fluoroquinolones.
Penicillins and tetracyclines are used quite rarely in urological practice due to the low effectiveness of treatment and the large number of side effects.Pathogenic microorganisms provoking the inflammatory process quickly develop resistance to the action of drugs of this group, which negatively affects the therapeutic effect of drugs.
However, a fairly good result is achieved by taking combined drugs.
In most cases, macrolide drugs are prescribed.Their advantages lie in a broad spectrum of action, good tolerance by organisms and high bioavailability, due to which the components of the drug penetrate into the prostate tissue.
Recently, doctors are increasingly preferring drugs from the fluoroquinolone group.These are broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs that have numerous advantages over conventional antibiotics.
Since fluoroquinolones, unlike antibiotics, are completely synthetic drugs that have no natural analogues, treatment with these drugs is more effective due to the lack of development of resistance in pathogens.
Fluoroquinolones quickly penetrate the prostate tissue, are well tolerated by the body and rarely cause side effects.Very often doctors prescribe drugs containing levofloxacin.Therapy lasts at least 28 days, the medicine is taken 1-2 tablets.The exact dosage and dosing regimen are selected by the doctor individually.In some cases, intramuscular administration of the drug may be prescribed, in which case the course of treatment is shortened.
Anti-inflammatory drugs
For the complex treatment of chronic prostatitis of a non-infectious nature, anti-inflammatory drugs are used.
Such drugs have a symptomatic effect, eliminating pain and stopping the inflammatory process.It is recommended to prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs in suppositories: thanks to this form of release, the active ingredient enters directly into the prostate tissue.
For infectious inflammation, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in short courses to relieve symptoms, but for non-infectious prostatitis they are the main line of treatment, since antibiotics are not used for this form of the disease.
To treat congestive prostatitis, bioactive drugs are often used to normalize prostate function.
As a rule, these are preparations based on extracts of the prostate gland of young bulls.The drug improves prostate trophism, relieves inflammation and reduces swelling.In non-infectious prostatitis it is used long-term to treat inflammation.For bacterial inflammation of the prostate, this drug is indicated to restore the functioning of the organ after antibiotic therapy.
For congestive prostatitis, suppositories with propolis and bee products, ichthyol or pumpkin oil are often prescribed.Such drugs are aimed at normalizing the trophism of the prostate, have an anti-inflammatory effect and increase local immunity.
Drugs to improve immunity
During complex treatment of prostatitis, the prostate gland is exposed to various drugs.To avoid re-development of the disease after a course of treatment, a number of measures to increase immunity are indicated.
To this end it is prescribed:
- preparations with zinc;
- tablets with echinacea extract;
- vitamin complex;
- vitamin E.
For the normal functioning of the prostate gland, zinc, selenium and vitamin E are necessary. Urologists often prescribe bioactive food supplements rich in these substances.
It is also advisable to take a vitamin course designed specifically for men.Such drugs contain a complex of substances aimed at normalizing the functioning of the genitourinary system.
To reduce the risk of exacerbations and recovery after antibacterial therapy, injections of echinacea extract are prescribed, but this drug is no less effective in the form of tablets.
With chronic prostatitis, it is necessary to take a vitamin complex twice a year to reduce the risk of flare-up.
Physiotherapy and massages
For chronic prostatitis, physiotherapy is prescribed to eliminate congestion.Usually acupuncture, current and magnetic methods of influence, darsonassessment are used.For bacterial inflammation, such methods are not used, as they can provoke the spread of pathogens throughout the body through the bloodstream.
If prostatic trophism is compromised, rectal massage is indicated.Such procedures are performed by a qualified specialist: a urologist or a proctologist.The massage course varies from 10 to 15 procedures.
Physiotherapy stimulates blood circulation in the pelvic organs, eliminates lymphatic stagnation and normalizes the outflow of prostatic secretions.A course of procedures allows you to restore the normal functioning of the organ and has a positive effect on potency.
Surgical treatment
Surgical treatment of prostatitis is carried out only in case of complications.
With infectious prostatitis, the formation of a prostatic abscess is possible.This requires immediate hospitalization of the patient and manipulation, during which the abscess is opened and its contents are removed.
With chronic prostatitis, narrowing of the urethra is possible, leading to acute urinary retention.In this case, surgery is performed and a catheter is installed to remove urine.In addition, in more severe cases of the disease, fibrosis may develop, as a result of which scars appear on the prostate tissue.In this case, an operation is performed during which the compaction zones are removed using a laser.
Lifestyle and nutrition
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes changing lifestyle, normalizing nutrition and abandoning bad habits.The diet for inflammation of the prostate is not strict, but excludes fast food, semi-finished products and smoked foods.Alcohol and smoking should be avoided.
You should include foods that are good for men's health in your diet:
- avocado;
- pumpkin seed and olive oil;
- nuts and honey;
- citrus fruits;
- pumpkin seeds;
- fermented milk products.
If you suffer from congestive prostatitis, you should exercise regularly.Physical activity should aim to normalize blood circulation in the lower body.
An important role is played by the patient's sexual life.If you have prostatitis, you need to have sex regularly, at least 3 times a week.At the same time, excessive sexual activity is unacceptable because it depletes the prostate.
Otherwise, adequate drug therapy, proper nutrition and abandonment of bad habits will help you get rid of prostatitis.However, after inflammation, a man is recommended to visit a urologist annually and undergo a comprehensive examination of the prostate gland.